Integrating Local Knowledge and Institutional Analysis to Address Soil Salinity in Agro-Based Rural Communities

Abstract

Soil salinity poses a global threat to agricultural productivity, affecting over one billion hectares, including 2.5 million hectares in Pakistan. This study examines how farmers in Jalalpur Pirwala adapt to salinity through locally driven strategies. Using the Critical Institutional Analysis and Development (CIAD) framework and participatory methods based on the Stakeholder Engagement for Research and Learning (SERL) approach. Data was collected by focus group discussions (FGDs) with 33 farmers engaged in the project. The analysis revealed challenges such as inadequate education and health services, poor soil and water quality, and limited access to agricultural extension services. Despite these challenges, the community demonstrated resilience by adopting advanced farming practices and early sowing through co-inquiry, leading to improved crop yields and livelihoods. The study underscores the importance of integrating local knowledge and socio-ecological dynamics into sustainable salinity adaptation strategies. It contributes to broader discussions on climate change adaptation and sustainable agriculture and offers key insights for stakeholders and policymakers.